05 December 2022

Ignatius on Worship as Spiritual Warfare

Recently re-reading some Early Church Fathers, I was both pleased and inspired to discover this exhortation on the part of Ignatius of Antioch who was martyred in the early second century. Quoting from the longer extant version of his epistle to the Ephesians, we read in Chapter XIII:

 Take heed, then, often to come together to give thanks to God, and show forth His praise. For when ye come frequently together in the same place, the powers of Satan are destroyed, and his "fiery darts" urging to sin fall back ineffectual. For your concord and harmonious faith prove his destruction, and the torment of his assistants. Nothing is better than that peace which is according to Christ, by which all war, both of aerial and terrestrial spirits, is brought to an end. "For we wrestle not against blood and flesh, but against principalities and powers, and against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in heavenly places."


Ignatius argues that our worship is a form of spiritual warfare – worship which (it must added) certainly included the celebration of Communion, the holy meal that proclaims Christ's death till he come, and as such is a declaration of his spoil of and triumph over the principalities and powers (Col 2.15). That spiritually beneficial and efficacious meal, a blessing, and bread from heaven is the outward means utilised by the Holy Spirit, the rite of establishing communion between Christ and His Church – even between its militant and triumphant aspects (1 Cor 10, John 6).

To expand on Ignatius, we can proclaim that we worship with the saints in heaven, in the very throne-room of God and this fact is being proclaimed on the Earth – in the midst of the nations and the elohim-princes that rule over them (the celestial servants (and their Earthly agents) of the Prince of the Power of the Air, Satan himself). Our worship is a form of warfare. It is part of a war that is unseen, of kingdoms in conflict that the world cannot discern, and yet this reality underlies our empirical interactions with this world which is cursed by death and as such is (apart from the eyes to see granted by the Holy Spirit) cut off from the eternal or spiritual realities – or at least cut off in the capacity of having any kind of accurate understanding of their wider cosmological import and analogous relationship to this age or order – the world of space-time as we know it.

Since the time of Constantine, the mainstream Church shifted its emphasis onto the temporal realm and spiritual combat became united and confused with the conflict over kingdoms, political control, and the concerns of mammon. The Early Church, some have argued was not motivated by these concerns because it found itself in the place of persecution and yet when Constantine emerged, the Church could rightly 'shift' gears and embrace and seek to subsume the world's socio-political and economic order. The proponents of this view see it as a natural outgrowth, a happy development in terms of Christian thought and status.

But the Ancient Church had no such visions nor did they anticipate them. Whether specifically chiliastic or non-chiliastic (as both schools of thought seemed to be in play), their view was universally apocalyptic and as such the pilgrim ethic reigned over and dominated their thought. The contemporary notion that somehow focusing on worship and prayer are a form of quietist retreat or cultural abdication was absurd to them – as Ignatius all but indicates. These were and are the primary forms of Christian engagement with the world, our spiritual warfare, and our proclamation to the world. And while the post-Constantinian mindset (focused on the sword-and-coin tokens of worldly power) cannot understand, these tools are far more potent anyway – even if one were to grant or assume that worldly offices and power had any import for the Church and its larger mission.

Their true import is of course to corrupt the Church and make it lose its way and as such they have remained one of the most potent enticements and means utilised by the ancient Enemy to seduce the Church and distract it into the goals and ethics of an over-realised eschatology, fighting the wrong battles in pursuit of the wrong objectives. Those that fall into these traps become entangled in the affairs of this life (2 Tim 2.4) and are choked by the cares and riches of this world (Matthew 13.22), fall prey to temptations and err concerning the faith bringing only sorrow and destruction upon themselves and the wider Church (1 Tim 6.9-10). Their deeds lead the Church and the way of truth to be maligned and they themselves lose their way and fall into the error of Balaam (2 Peter 2).

This understanding of worship is fairly basic and straightforward but few seem to grasp the profundity of what it is we're doing (individually and corporately) and what it means. As such, the Church is easily confused and waylaid, and their energies are poured into pursuing false hopes and counterfeit Edens.

Most Evangelical gatherings are occasions for a hearty mix of comedy, entertainment, therapy, and politics. The realisation of what we're doing as the Church when we gather, that we meet to commune with God and with the saints, that we might be in the throne room of God and in the presence of angels – is wholly absent. Read the many accounts in Scripture of the prophets encountering God in visions or who are taken spiritually into the presence of the holy throne and Divine council. Are such moments the time for jocularity, light-heartedness, casualness, entertainment, therapeutic self-focus and so-called self-care? Do not the concerns of earthly power and mammon grow dim in such a setting – all the more when one realises these are but outward manifestations of eternal realities that escape us and represent realms of existence and power that we have no right to challenge? Men rail against the rulers of nations and plan their conquests and yet in doing so they challenge the heavenly order and bring judgment on themselves.

We place all our hopes and strength in Christ. He, the Theanthropos is our warrior, our conquering risen King. He is our justice and our vengeance, just as He is our life, righteousness, and reconciliation. He wages the wars. We are called as soldiers in the army of Zion to emulate his Earthly mission to walk in meekness and humility and to take up the cross. Mortification (a doctrine virtually unknown today) is our calling, our victory resulting in newness of life. The world and the worldly-minded Christians won't have it and thus (to them) the focus on spiritual war (as actual spiritual war) is a waste of time and even a distraction. They want a Kingdom that is tangible and tactile – treasure that is experienced in this life, along with vengeance and victory they can taste and glory in. And as such they lose their way. For my part I take comfort in the words of Ignatius the martyr.