Has Xi extended his power or has he been rebuked and
curtailed by elements within the Beijing bureaucracy? It depends on how you
read the 19th Congress and interpret its events.
Clearly on a war trajectory with the United States with the
flashpoints being Taiwan and Hong Kong, one could argue that Xi's plans have
been limited or restrained. The generals are resistant to his plans which would
result in inevitable confrontation. No one doubts that Beijing could wound the
American military – perhaps even inflict some stunning losses but ultimately
the Chinese military thinks the cost would be too great. And for Xi, that would
mean the end of his rule. And thus one interpretation was that this Congress
represents a rebuke of Xi's aspirations.
And yet on the other hand Xi's maneuvering suggests a
consolidation of power within the bureaucracy. In other words he's bit by bit setting
himself up for more autonomy, for more comprehensive control which will become
manifest in the near future. As master of the Beijing bureaucracy he won't
easily be stopped.